Covering continental areas, electric power grids are arguably the largest man-made structures. The energy transition makes them evolve fast away from their traditional operational mode, for two main reasons. First, because electricity production and consumption will increase in order to decarbonize the energy sector. Second, because fossil-fuelled, large centralized power plants will be replaced by delocalized new renewable sources of energy. Together, these two
trends present a number of challenges for future power grids. I will discuss some of them, stressing analogies with dynamical systems.