In this talk, we will learn a little about nanoscience, a little about neuroscience, and a lot about the future that neuro-technologies are bringing us closer at a dizzying pace.

Neurotechnologies are defined as methods capable of reading and manipulating brain activity in both animals and humans. In just a few years, through these technologies, science has achieved incredible milestones, such as bringing a very advanced ALS patient out of isolation, or restoring part of the vision to patients with a very specific type of blindness.

At present, applying these therapies (still experimental) requires aggressive surgery on patients and the installation of microelectronic devices in the brain capable of reading and modifying the behavior of neurons. Ideally, we would like to be able to achieve the same in a non-invasive way, i.e., by means of devices that act from outside the skull. There are currently many initiatives worldwide pursuing these objectives.

In the Basque Country, around the year 2020, we launched the nanoneuro initiative, which aims to use all the knowledge in nanotechnologies existing in the Basque Country to develop neuro-technologies capable of reading and modifying neuronal activity in a minimally invasive way. Currently, under the Basque Government's IKUR initiative, the project brings together 8 research centers in the Basque Country structured as a network under the name of Basque Nanoneuro Network (B3N).

In this talk, we will explain the basis of neuro-technologies and the functioning of the nanoparticles that we intend to use for their development [1]. Likewise, we will also talk about neuro-rights, 5 new rights that aim to be added to the universal declaration of human rights to protect us from the negative drifts that these technologies may take.

[1] Garcia-Etxarri, A., & Yuste, R. Time for nanoneuro. Nature Methods, 18, 1287 (2021)